Gambling involves betting something of value, usually money, on an event whose outcome is determined at least in part by chance and with the hope of winning a prize. It is common for people to gamble on sporting events, lottery tickets, bingo games, slots, scratchcards and casino games. However, gambling can also occur in other ways such as placing bets on horse races or office pool competitions.

While gambling can be enjoyable if it is played responsibly, it can also have negative impacts that affect the gambler, their significant others and their community/society. Gambling can have costs and benefits at the individual, interpersonal and society/community levels (Fig 1). These long-term effects can impact a person’s life course and cause harm that lasts beyond their time as a gambler.

A number of factors can influence a person’s ability to manage their gambling activity, including personality traits such as impulsivity and risk taking, and genetic predisposition. These factors can also be influenced by the environment and culture in which a person lives. For example, some communities consider gambling a normal pastime and this can make it difficult for them to recognize when their behaviour becomes problematic.

Many people are drawn to gambling because they enjoy the thrill of winning and the potential to turn a small investment into a large sum of money. Others may play because of social factors, for example, to socialise with friends or meet new people. Other people find it helpful to gamble for coping reasons, for example, to help them forget their worries or as a way to relax.

There are many different types of gambling, from online casinos to traditional bricks and mortar establishments. Each type of gambling has its own rules and regulations, and the legality of gambling depends on the jurisdiction in which it is operated. It is a good idea to research the laws of your jurisdiction before you start gambling.

If you want to be a responsible gambler, it is important to set money and time limits for yourself. Only gamble with the amount that you can afford to lose, and stop gambling when your limits are reached. It’s also a good idea to never chase your losses, as this will only lead to bigger and bigger losses. If you are concerned that someone you know is gambling too much, talk to them and try to understand their motivations. Remember that they didn’t choose to become addicted, and they likely don’t realise how much their gambling is affecting them. This can help you to avoid getting angry or blaming them for their behaviour. You can also ask them to think about their gambling habits and whether they would be able to cope without them. It is also a good idea to consider seeking professional help.